Firstly, the word would is the past tense form of the word will.
- Jack said he would finish the work the next day.
- Ann said she would write us soon.
- He hoped she would come.
Would is used in Type 2 and Type 3 conditional sentences.
- I would phone Sue if I had her number.
- We would have gone fishing on the weekend if the weather had been good.
In cases where both will and would can be used, it is considered more polite to use would.
- Would you like some juice?
- It’s hot in here, would you mind opening the window?
A few more examples of the modal verb would:
- Would you like a piece of apple pie? (question)
- I’d (I would) like to have some milk. (request)
- I’d like to learn French very well. (desire or plan)
- I’d rather have a glass of water than juice now. (preference)
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